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The special objective ring on my Fernrohrlupe is also 22 mm in diameter, but only 3 mm high. The chrome knob seems to be the same.
Carl Zeiss Jena serial numbers. I've never found a similar listing for the postwar Carl Zeiss Jena lenses. So, using the known production dates of certain camera models as a guide. Carl Zeiss Age Lens by the Serial Number. Carl Zeiss Jena D.R.P Anastigmag 195/9 84984 Carl Zeiss Jena series Ic 180/4,5 399520 Carl. Establishing, if possible, a reliable system of dating early Zeiss binoculars and As all these binoculars had the trade logo Carl Zeiss Jena in roman text it. The binocular arrived out of collimation, as usual with used items. Carl Zeiss Jena lenses Issue date by serial number. The stage has vernier scale graduations in both X and Y axes. A third scale and vernier was added for recording the position of the movable 'check-piece' or slide holder, which secures the position of the left side of the slide. The right side slide holder also slides in the same groove. 8 x 30 'Deltrentis' Carl Zeiss Jena 1925? 8 x 24 'Delturisem' Carl Zeiss Jena 1927. 8 x 21 'Turmon' monocular Carl Zeiss Jena 1927 sold. 3,5 x 15 'Theatis' Carl Zeiss Jena 1927 Sold. 3,5 x 15 'Theatis' Carl Zeiss Jena 1927 black. 6 x 30 'Silvamar' Carl Zeiss Jena 1928. 6 x 24 'Telex' Carl Zeiss Jena 1929 Sold.
I give you the adress of the photoshop in Jena, where I saw the close-up lenses, if you want to order them directly from USA. One lens was - I think - aproximate DM 20.-, that is $ 10.-. Foto Zentrum Johannisstrasse 12 07743 Jena
Some weeks ago I got a Telact 8X from Zeiss Wien. What do you know about the S/N of Zeiss Wien? Did they have own numbers or are their S/Ns a part of the Jena numbers? My Telact is 314613. What do you think about the quality of Zeiss Wien compared to Jena?
Hans Seeger writes, that there are only very few binoculars it is a pleasure and a recreation for the eys, to look through. That is not sharpness, contrast and so on. A lot of modern expensive top-glases have that. But this very few give you more, they give you a seeing-event. Hans Seeger says, the Telact is one of these. Before I got it, I did not realy know what he means. But now I know. Do you have an idea, how this very special kind of viewing can be explained? Is that a special relation of different physical facts? Or can you see this only with this particular german mind? You know: Nietzsche, Wagner, deep dark forests .. -)
However, my Telact has a problem: The objectives are a little hazy inside. When I look through the objetives it is not much. But when I use the binocs in the normal position the haze is pretty intensive. This difference is an interesting effect I never had before. I can help myself with tubes made of black cardboard on the objektives. They avoid sky-light coming from the sides into the objectives. The view than is much better, but not haze-free. This is not a satisfying solution. Before opening and cleaning the surfaces I must say, this binocs are perfectly collimated. No headaches even after long viewing. (I´m very sensitive in that.) What would you do? Regards, Lothar
From: Peter Abrahams
>>Do you have an idea, how this very special kind of viewing can be explained? Is that a special relation of different physical facts?
I believe that the qualities that comprise the very finest binoculars can be precisely described in terms of astigmatism / distortion balance, coatings & baffling, field of view, physical aspects such as handling & focusing, and many more qualities. There will always be plenty of room for opinion, for example distortion might bother one user who likes to 'scan the horizon' but an astronomer would want pinpoint star images to the edge; birders will want very exact color rendition, etc. There will never be a consensus on the 'very best binocular'.
But it would be very useful to take a binocular that could be seen as the best in one aspect, for example a Zeiss deck mounted 8 x 60 is one of the best optical systems, and analyze the objective, prism, and eyepiece -- glass type, surface profile, optical specifications; and thereby learn why the image is so good. It is not because of magic.
No one would nominate this 8 x 60 binocular for 'best user comfort'. A non-military model could be much lighter in weight, have no sharp edges, etc.
We discussed the idea of an 'ideal' binocular in earlier lists, for example list #86. But it is an important issue, and we only 'scratched the surface'.
Further discussion would be very useful.
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Regarding the problem with the Telacts: Stray light through a binocular will ruin the view. This is a very common problem, that is not difficult to fix while the binocular is being designed. (Meaning...there is no good excuse for this.)
If you use a binocular, then move it away from your eyes 5-10 mm, you will see the exit pupil; and you will often see other light coming through the eyepiece, at the edge of the black area around the exit pupil -- usually crescent shaped arcs of light. You can also see stray light by viewing through the objective lens. There are methods of helping to fix the problem, that do not always work. Here are a few:
1. Cut pieces of black paper, to fit around the prisms.
2. Use a black pen to blacken the rough ground edges of the prism.
3. Paint the interior of the binocular flat black. --Peter
From: rab
Subject: Re: Nikon 10x70 x 6.5-deg [1980s model]; partial tear-down
I took screwdriver in hand and removed just the right-side prism cover/eyepiece assembly.
The field stop is approximately 29mm in opening. This means the objective has a focal length of about 255.4mm, thus f/3.65. The eyepiece focal length would then be 25.5mm for 10X.
My primary interest was in seeing the shape of the field lens, the side facing the field stop. It is STRONGLY CONCAVE. This means, short of totally disassembling the eyepiece to positively prove it, this eyepiece is of ERFLE type, not Nikko type. Just as shown in the artist's concept sketch on the 'instruction sheet' that accompanies the binocular.
The prism facing the eyepiece is seen to be SLOTTED, a good touch. However, casual inspection shows the prisms are probably NOT AR COATED, which is the source of my only complaint with these binoculars: they show a bright white ghost when viewing city lights. Shining a flashlight into the objective end shows reflections that are suggestive of uncoated prisms. Odd that Nikon would have done everything else so marvelously, and skimped on this. Or do I simply have a factory defect? I've found Nikon's workmanship even in its most modern, most expensive binoculars to be inconsistent.
The prisms are unblackened, and held in with straps. There is no potting compound used to tack them as a precaution.The top prism appears to be about 30mm wide, measured with a plastic rule held at a distant. None too large, considering the field stop is 29mm.
I hand-held an eyepiece from a Sans&Streiffe 7x35 Model #910 (77-deg apparent FOV) to the objective focal plane and looked at the city. Looked like it showed possibilities for a wide-angle conversion. Also hand-held an Erfle from one of the older BLC 8x60 military binoculars, but couldn't reach focus on distant objects because of its obstructing mechanisms. It ought to be possible, but even if focussed there is no assurance that lateral color and such would be zeroed-out since that depends on the original design for the complete BLC.
In any event, it appears that Nikon based the design of their 10x70 x 6.5-deg WA binocular not on their own Nikko 10x70, which would have seemed logical to me, but on the Erfle-based Zeiss-type designs.
I decided to quit while I had this much information, rather than to continue disassembling the eyepiece. It went back together nicely with three flat-head machine screws and has not lost its collimation. Whew!
Regards, Dick.
Binocular List #112: 09 June, 1902.
Lists 100-111 have been posted at
/~telscope/listp100.txt (135 kb text file)
Subject: Introduction
From: l.helling@___ne.de (Helling)
My introduction: My name is Lothar Helling, I`m living in Germany in Hamm, a city close to Dortmund in Northrine-Westfalia. My profession is electrical engineering, I`m teaching at a technical training center. My interest in collecting binoculars started in 1990, when I found a Russian military glass from WW II at a Berlin flea market. My father has been a soldier in Russia in WW II .. So the technical aspect of binoculars is very interesting, but also the historical coherence.
I also collect books about optics, from Zeiss, about Zeiss etc. and for example a postcard from Hindenburg wearing a Hensoldt-glass (?). The text says: Immer wieder vorwärts für Kaiser und Reich! Von Hindenburg. General-Feldmarschall (Always again foreward for emperor and empire!..). Best regards, LotharCarl Zeiss Microscope Models
Subject: Re: Binocular List, Zeiss Jena, Swiss Leica
From: Fan Tao
Claudio Manetti asked about the Zeiss Jena Octarem. I checked my pair, serial number 6565992, which has coatings which are more violet than gold. To my eyes the image is very slightly yellow, much less obvious than with a Russian 7x30 for example. I did not find this small color shift objectionable. I also have a couple of earlier Zeiss Jena models (serial numbers 54xxxxx and 60xxxxx) that have coatings with a bronze tint. These also have a slight yellowish image, perhaps a bit more than with the Octarem. Again, this was only nocticeable on careful inspection.
I have looked through the 8x30 Swiss Leica Army binoculars at a show. I believe these used to be the Kern ';Pizar Elit';, as a picture of it from a Kern brochure looks identical (Kern merged into Leica in 1988). These binoculars performed similar to a Zeiss Deltrintem, that is, it has a very wide angle (68 degrees) with its usual aberrations towards the edge. The image was very clear but otherwise not extraordinary. In short, if you like the performance of the Deltrintem, or its many copies, you will like this version with its added Swiss craftsmanship. Fan Tao fantao@
Subject: Introduction
From: CARRLANE@___m
I am a collector of WWII Japanese Binoculars and optical equipment. I am especially interested in the history of Nippon Kogaku N-K (NIKKO logo) optical equipment produced before/during and after WWII. I am also interested in researching WWII Nikon aircraft bombsights/gunsights and their aerial cameras and lenses.
I recently purchased a pair of 15 x 80 mm straight through models produced by N-K during 1945. I have several other pairs of these binoculars that date from the late 1944 time frame. The pair I recently acquired are dated Feb 1945 and are optically coated. All other pairs of 15 x 80s and 120/150 mm binoculars I have are not optically coated. The pair I recently purchased is the only example I have that is dated 1945. The coating appears to be original (light blue tint) as the wax is still in place in the lens cells. Does anyone else have any large aperture Japanese binoculars dated from 1945? I have read that the Japanese optically coated their submarine periscopes during WWII. Perhaps they did coat some of their binoculars in 1945. I also have two pairs of N-K 7 x 50 mm binoculars that have optical coatings that probably date from 1945. Regards, Richard Lane Nebraska, USA
Subject: On line reviews
S&T Test Report: Binocular Mount By Alan MacRobert
Adapted from Sky & Telescope June 1993
/resources/testreports/binoculars/mounts.html
Canon's Image Stabilized Binoculars, S&T 5-98
/resources/testreports/binoculars/canonis.html
Subject: Warner & Swasey
There was a Warner & Swasey binocular on ebay 08 June 2000, with letter of Aug. 9, 1963 from L.M.Cole, V.P. in charge of sales for W & S, to C.B. Smith, Construction Eqt. Branch Mgr., W & S, Quincy, Massacusetts, concerning an inquiry on W & S binoculars.
';There is not much around here in the way of history because most of the old records have been destroyed. I do remember that there were three patents on binoculars issued in 1902. Two of them were to Mr. Gottlieb Fecker, and one of them was issued to Worcester R. Warner and Gottlieb Fecker. We made binoculars in 6, 8, and 10 power, and before and during World War I, we made a total of about 6,000. All manufacture was stopped after World War I. Since that time, there have been some of these returned for cleaning and adjustment, but everyone who had any skill doing this has now either passed on or is retired. I do know for a fact that there are no lens of any kind left around here, but perhaps by digging for a long time, we might discover a few parts, but I doubt it.';
Popular Astronomy, vol. 11, 1903, page 279:
The Prism Binocular Adopted as the Standard by the U.S. Navy.
In the spring of 1902, the United States Navy Department made an official test of Prism Binoculars for the purpose of choosing the most efficient and practical instrument for Government use. The Warner & Swasey Prism Binocular was pronounced superior to all others and recommended for adoption as the standard for the Navy. Large orders were then given the Warner & Swasey Company of Cleveland, Ohio, for these glasses, all of which have proven entirely satisfactory to the officers and the Navy Department. The decision, however, was not so satisfactory to the makers of other prism glasses, and they urgently requested another test. To satisfy all, the Department acceded to this request, and notified American makers and the representatives of foreign makers that an official Board would again be appointed for this purpose and named February 2d, 1903 as the date.
Anne of green gables 1987 download. We understand that Prism Binoculars were submitted by the following makers:
The Warner & Swasey Co, Cleveland, Ohio. The Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N.Y. C.P. Goerz, Germany. Ross Optical Co., England. Voigtlaender & Co., Germany.
The finding of this Board, submitted in March, confirmed the previous reports and tests by recommending the Warner & Swasey Prism Binocular as the standard for the Navy. Extensive orders from the Department have since been given the Warner & Swasey Company for these prism glasses.
Previous to the adoption of the Warner & Swasey Prism Binocular last year, no glasses of the prism type were in use in the Navy. All of our battleships, gun boats, and cruisers are now supplied with the Warner & Swasey Prism Binoculars and the official reports show that they are giving the fullest satisfaction.
From a W & S brochure: In 1900 we brought out the Warner & Swasey Universal Prism Binocular...of aluminum..the instrument can be taken apart and reassembled without change in collimation or adjustment. The optical parts of these instruments are from the celebrated works of the John A. Brashear Co. 13/16 inch objectives.
6 power, 6 3/4 degree field. 8 power, 5 degree field. 10 power, 4 degree field. Price $40.
U.S. Patents.
695,712. March 18, 1902. Gottlieb Fecker. Porro prims telescope, leaf spring prism clamp.
701,863. June 10, 1902. Gottlieb Fecker. Binocular, prism housing covers extend to form hinge & strap loop.
714,340. Nov. 25, 1902. Worcester Warner and Gottlieb Fecker. Prism binocular, groove in prism, finger engages groove, finger attached to plate with slot to adjust.
Binocular List #113: 13 June 2000
Subject: Binocular Reading List
From: ';Brian Haren';
Seeing that lots of those who subscribe to the list are optical professionals and serious collectors/users, I'd like to ask a question of all: What do you consider essential reading or reference material for those serious about binocular collecting, using and repair? For example, I find two books almost indispensable for my small collection of WWII binos:
1. 'Basic Optics and Optical Instruments' published by the Naval Education and Training Program Development Center
2. TM 9-1580, Binoculars, Field Glasses and B.C. Telescopes, All Types, dated 15 Mar 45
What else is out there that you consider essential? I'm particularly interested in reading what former Navy Opticalmen(man?)(person?) think are must-have references. Brian bharen@
We have a conspicuous absence of English language books on the history & collecting of binoculars, with Watson's booklet & Rohan's specialized text being the sole exceptions.
The civilian books on binocular repair are not considered essential by most, but they have their uses, Seyfried and Alii are the two I can remember.
The military repair manuals that I know of are listed in various places in the file at: /~telscope/binbibl.txt
I would also be very interested in hearing of other texts used by repairmen, though I believe that any others would be instruction sheets issued by manufacturers. --Peter
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Akin, Al. Optics for Birders. Prescott: Wolfe Publishing, 1994.
Alii Service Notes. Repairing & Adjusting Binoculars. 1996. P.O. Box 30871 Honolulu, HI 96820. $24.95.
Armstrong, Alan. Binoculars for Birders. Madison: Avian Press, 1990.
Hale, Alan. How to Choose Binoculars. Redondo Beach: C & A Publishing, 1991.
Henson, Truman. Binoculars, Telescopes, and Telescopic Sights. N.Y.: Greenburg Publisher, 1955.
Paul, Henry. Binoculars and All Purpose Telescopes. N.Y.: Amphoto, 1980.
Reichert, Robert & Else. Binoculars & Scopes. N.Y.: Chilton. 1961.
Robinson, Leif. Outdoor Optics. N.Y.: Lyons & Burford, 1989.
Rohan, Steve. Eyes of the Wehrmacht. Bradbury: Rohan Optical Press, 1996.
Seeger, Hans. Feldstecher: Fernglaser im Wandel der Zeit. 1989; Borken, Germany: Bresser Optik, 1989.
Seeger, Hans. Militaerische Fernglaeser und Fernrohre. Hamburg: Seeger, 1996.
Seyfried, J.W. Choosing, Using, & Repairing Binoculars. Ann Arbor: University Optics, 1995.
Von Rohr, Moritz. Die Binokularen Instrumente. Berlin: Springer, 1920.
Watson, Fred. Binoculars, Opera Glasses, and Field Glasses. Buckinghamshire: Shire, 1995.
Subject: Zeiss Wien serial numbers
From: hans.t.seeger@___ne.de (Seeger)
In Binocular List 111 Jack Kelly and Lothar Helling asked about details on Zeiss Wien serial numbers - i. e.: Do they have own numbers or are their S/Ns a part of the Jena numbers? I looked into my list of Zeiss numbers (about 3000 numbers listed) and can tell you that the Wien numbers were part of the Jena numbers. I copy all of my Wien numbers in context with others. It seems that numbers for Zeiss Vienna and Zeiss London were allocated in ';batches'; but were positioned within the usual number circle.
The following list may be of interest to other binocular enthusiats too. Please understand that I had to leave out the last digit of the numbers. If I get a serial number I keep the owner of the optic in question confidential - and the complete number too. If someone has further numbers for my list I would appreciate a message. It goes without saying that he will get information on his Zeiss optics if my documentation reveals facts like dates of production and the number of glasses of that particular series.Carl Zeiss Binocular Serial Numbers
Following: Zeiss Jena, Zeiss Wien, Zeiss Györ (Hungary), and Zeiss London numbers. Until now, there are no Zeiss Wien glasses with lower or higher S/Ns in my documentation. Lines without indication of Vienna or London refer to Jena. I always list the ';rim number'; of Zeiss glasses, see page 124 (Abb. 71) in my ';gray'; book. The following lines are a direct copy of parts of my list with my abbreviations. If you have questions about a particular glass I will try to give an answer.
17299x 12 x 30 Telefort
17563x 6 x (21) M 7 Z 6fach, Zeiss Wien, Nr. am Deckelrand re unten
17673x 8 x Telact
18207x 8 x (24) Telact - wie Telact 805x, s. Notizen
18361x 15 x (60) Li: CZ Wien Nr. 18 re: M. 8 Z. 15 x Doppelfernrohr Nr. an oberer Brü seitl.
18404x 3 x Teleater lizard, vergoldet
30998x D.F. 18 x (50) Porro II, Abb. 83 im grauen Buch
31242x M 8 Z. 12fach Carl Zeiss Wien Ü.K. 7. 11. 13
31293x Mgnf. 6 (24) No 879x (= De li o, Ser-Nr am De-Rd li o) Li o De: Bin. Prism. No 3 Mk 1 Magnification 6 No 879x Re: CZ London 1914 Messing, Leder
31293x Mgnf. 6 No 8786 (De li o), Carl Zeiss London, Obj.-Durchm 24, No 3 Mk 1
31373x M 9/13 Z Feldstecher mit Skala 6fach. Ü.K. Adler 2. 5. 14 Carl Zeiss Wien (6 x 30)
31461x 8 x Telact Carl Zeiss Wien
31552x 6 x (24) Telex
46951x D.F. 6 x lange Stutzen (= 6 x 30)
46996x 6 x Carl Zeiss Wien
47126x D.F. 8 x (= 8 x 24) Rim No 4572x
51651x 10 x Teleplast/Relieffernrohr
51722x 6 x 30 M 9/13 Z Feldst. m. Skala 6fach Carl Zeiss Wien 21. 6. 15
51811x M 9/13. Z (6 x 30) Feldstecher 6 fach Carl Zeiss Wien
51888x D.F. 8 x (24)
53532x D.F. 6 x signiert 1917
53548x 6 x Carl Zeiss WIEN (Linse li) keine Rand-Nr. Linse re: TELEX, Nr, drunter 6 x
53605x D.F. 6 x (= 6 x 24)
55308x 6 x Marineglas, raised letters
55343x (15 x 60) li: CZ Wien ÜK 2 Wappen 12.10.16 re: M 8/12 Z mit Skala Doppelfernrohr Nr. 55343x (wie auf S. 177 o li)
55353x (6 x 30) M9/13Z Feldst. m. Skala 6fach Zeiss Karoly Györ 20. 12. 15, Adler
55452x (6 x 30) M9/13Z Feldstecher mit Skala 6fach Nr. . Li: Ü.K. Adler 28.2.16 Zeiss Karoly Györ, ohne Randnr. Messg, Hartgummibez. Art-Strichplatte re
55659x 6 x Telex
84755x D.F. 6 x 24 Zink, eine S. beledert, andere Kunstleder, f. Schweizer Armee
84855x 6fach M 9/13 Z Feldstecher mit Skala 6fach, K u K KM, Zeiss Wien, Rand re u: W 748x, Deckel Zink, Leder (= 6 x 30)
85010x M 9/13 Feldstecher mit Skala 8fach
85146x 8 x M 9/13 Z (x 30) Zeiss Wien
85153x M 9/13 Z Zeiss Wien
85416x D.F. 6 x 24 An Schweiz, Zink, Leder, Messg-Obj-rge, keine Rand-Nr.
Subject: Filters
From: ';Brian Haren';
Well, yesterday I was standing on an impressive monument to Otto von Bismark with a stunning view of the Rhein Valley. (Oh, the joys of living in Germany. Any current/ex Army or Air Force folks out there, if you've ever been stationed in Germany and visited the Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, this is the 'Bismarkturm' located right outside the main gate.) The weather was perfect. Warm, dry, nary a cloud in the sky. I had with me my Docter Navidoc 7x50's. The shorter range view down into the local town was clear and bright, just what I expect from these glasses. However, the long range view was a disappointment. Industrial pollution, haze, whatever, significantly degraded the view. This got me thinking. Does anyone out there on the list know of a source of haze filters and polarizing filters that might fit these binoculars? How about making a set of each - is there a source for filter material and any suggestions for construction? Would the Steiner polarizing filters sold by Deutscheoptik work? Any and all input is greatly appreciated! Off list responses are welcome. Brian bharen@
I've fabricated polarizing filters for binoculars, using extra lens caps, cutting away a disc in the middle, & gluing in plastic Polaroid material. They are very nice for cutting glare, and for viewing fish. I don't think they'd have much effect on haze.
A haze filter absorbs UV & extreme blue light, since shorter wavelengths are scattered much more than longer colors. Haze filters are pale yellow & the standard yellow 'shooter's glasses' have a similar, very limited, effect. They would be worth trying on a binocular.
But if you're viewing through air that is full of fine particulates, nothing is going to be of much assistance.
Regarding off list replies: I hope that the binocular list can be a vehicle for people to contact each other; and I also hope that any useful information exchanged privately is shared with the list & put in the archives -- that is the purpose of the list. --Peter
This came from Larry Gubas, who received it from Walter Mergen.
Zeiss Post-War Binoculars and Binocular Products
The following are the Carl Zeiss binocular models from the post-World War II period and the month and year of their introduction to the market:
8 x 30 October, 1954
6 x 30 March, 1955
7 x 50 December, 1956
8 x 50 June, 1957
10 x 50 June, 1957
6 x 30 BW June, 1957
8 x 30 BW June, 1957
8 x 30 B Monocular April, 1959
8 x 50 B September, 1960
6 x 30 Schweden March, 1961
7 x 50 B June, 1961
8 x 30 Monocular July, 1963
8 x 30 B Dialyt April, 1964
7 x 50 B/GA November, 1964
8 x 30 B/GA Dialyt June, 1968
8 x 30 B Dialyt Monocular June, 1968
8 x 56 B/GA Dialyt August, 1968
10 x 40 B Dialyt November, 1968
8 x 20 April, 1969
8 x 20 Monocular April, 1969
8 x 30 Dialyt kurz June, 1969
6 x 20 Monocular October, 1969
8 x 20 braun December, 1969
8 x 30 porro July, 1970
6 x 20 B October, 1971
7 x 50 B/GA December, 1972
8 x 20 B September, 1974
10 x 25 B May, 1975
10 x 40 B Dialyt March, 1977
40 x 60 Dialyt Monocular May, 1977
Microscope base (stereo) May, 1978
8 x 56 B/GA T* August, 1978
8 x 30 B/GA Dialyt April, 1979
3 x 12 B Monocular July, 1979
10 x 40 B Dialyt T* July, 1980
10 x 40 B/GA Dialyt T* August, 1980
8 x 20 B with diopter setting March, 1981
10 x 25 B with diopter setting March, 1981
15 x 60 GA T* July, 1981
7 x 42 B/GA T* Dialyt October, 1981
7 x 50 B/GA T* October, 1981
8 x 20 B with a new shield January, 1983
10 x 50 B with a new shield January, 1983
8 x 30 B Dialyt March, 1983
8 x 30 B/GA Dialyt March, 1983
10 x 40 B Dialyt March, 1983
10 x 40 B/GA Dialyt T* March, 1983
30 x 60 B/GA T* Monocular March, 1983
8 x 30 B Dialyt T* August, 1983
8 x 30 B/GA Dialyt T* August, 1983
8 x 20 B/GA Dialyt December, 1984
8 x 20 B with F Number January, 1985
10 x 25 B with F Number January, 1985
10 x 40 B/GA Dialyt T* short focussing August, 1985
3.6 x 12 Diadem Theatreglass October, 1985
10 x 40 B Dialyt T* October, 1985
7 x 42 B/GA Dialyt T* July, 1986
8 x 56 B/GA Dialyt T* July, 1986
P- Behandlung for roof prism July, 1986
New iris in prism for 10 x 40 & 8 x 30 September, 1986
8 x 30 B Dialyt T* short focussing January, 1987
8 x 30 B/GA Dialyt T* short focussing January, 1987
Microscope base (Stereo) with collapsing foot March, 1987
* May, 1988
6 x 42 B Nautik October, 1988
7 x 50 B Nautik October, 1988
* July, 1989
20 x 60 Stabilized April, 1989
8 x 56 Monocular September, 1990
Design Selection model which is also a self contained case
8 x 20 B combi October 1990
10 x 25 B combi October, 1990
4 x 12 B combi April, 1992
6 x 18 B combi April, 1992
8 x 20 B black September, 1992
10 x 25 B black September, 1992
4 x 12 B black September, 1992
6 x 18 B black September, 1992
8 x 20 B dark September, 1992
10 x 25 B dark September, 1992
4 x 12 B dark September, 1992
6 x 18 B dark September, 1992
7 x 50 BC Nautik September, 1992
15 x 60 B/GA September, 1992
Mono 4 x 12 B T* April, 1994
Mono 6 x 18 B T* April, 1994
Mono 8 x 20 B T* April, 1994
Mono 10 x 25 B T* April, 1994
MiniQuick 5 x 10 Pocket Monocular August, 1994Carl Zeiss Jena Microscope Serial Numbers
20 x 60 Monocular Stabilized September, 1994
5.6 x 60 Nightvision Monocular September, 1994
B = For Eyeglass wearers, GA = Rubber/Armored, T* = Zeiss trademark for coated lenses.
Binocular List #114: 15 June 2000. Early 7 x 50s
Hans Seeger has given permission to email this text to the binocular list; noting that Seeger retains copyright for all material contained in his books. Please abstain from further distribution of this text.
Several corrections should be noted:
Page 323: I have been informed that my statement on the Hensoldt ';Marine- u. Artillerieglas No 11'; is incorrect. This glass did not infringe the Zeiss patent, the Zeiss patent referred to Porro I prisms with enhanced objective separation (stereoscopic view). Without more research, I cannot give additional comments, but I wanted to make you aware of the error.
Page 328: I checked my text - and found that the meaning is not clear. I wanted to say the Binoctem was not introduced earlier than 1930/31. My German text does not clearly express the fact that the Binoctem was built in all of the following years (except the years at the end of WW II); actually the center focus version (Binoctem) became one of the most successful civilian Zeiss binoculars. Your text, however, could mean that the Binoctem was built only in the years 1930/31.
The binocular on page 308 (Abb. 212 a) was made by Srb & Stys.
Presentation to the meeting of binocular collectors, Los Angeles, 25 May 2000
Early 7 x 50 models. Excerpts from Hans Seeger, Militaerische Fernglaeser und Fernrohre. (Available in the U.S. from Deutsche Optik)
4.1. Early Models and Marine Glasses with Roof Prisms.
[page 285-6] In 1899/1900, the first binoculars with 50 mm. objectives were constructed by Hensoldt, see fig. 67 (right). The design of the ‘artillery-glass’ is not ideal for naval use, since the housing cover is a separate piece that is attached with screws. Around 1903, Hensoldt introduced a new construction form for their Pentaprism models, which is characterized by a housing that is closed on top and therefore is more suitable for use by the Navy, see fig. 67, left; and fig. 116 in “Feldstecher”. The ‘Marineglaeser’ in this Hensoldt series have the specifications 10 x 50 and 12 x 50. Before they found real acceptance, they had to be taken off the market, because they infringed on the still valid Zeiss patent. There was no 7 x 50 model in this Hensoldt series.Carl Zeiss Jena Microscope Serial Numbers Dates Of Wwii Bases
There were 7 power prism field glasses in the previous century, even with 50 mm. objectives, but it is difficult to be sure when the first 7 x 50 field glass was produced, and by which producer. A definite answer cannot be given, though it was probably between 1905 and 1910. Considering that the glass available at that time had relatively low indices of refraction, it was probably either a Porro model with long focus objectives or a roof prism field glass. Two models are possible candidates; the Porro II from Leitz (one of the “Messingglaeser” [brass glasses], fig. 197), or the roof prism Noctar from Zeiss. From Zeiss brochures, it can be seen that the Noctar (7 x 50) was already obtainable before large scale production (ca. 1911), see fig. 196.
The Noctar became the precursor for tens of thousands of Zeiss Marine binoculars. A 12 x 50 model was also made with Abbe Koenig prisms, and W.W. I models of this glass with the ‘M’ marking of the Imperial Navy are known (one of these 12 x 50 specimens has housing covers of brass). The third model in this series is a 10 x 50, and it can be supposed, but not proven by an appropriately marked specimen, that these were also used by the Navy. All three of these binoculars have an identical appearance.
Goerz did not want to be left behind, and at their plant in Berlin, shortly before or at the beginning of W.W. I, a 7 power marine glass was built, but with slightly larger objectives: the roof prism Marine Trieder 7 x 52.5, see fig. 94. [page 287]
Around 1910, the first 7x50 Porro field glasses were made, either the Leitz Porro II “Messingglaesern” was first, or the Porro I models by Busch in Rathenow or Voigtlaender in Braunschweig were made earlier.
Busch introduced its first 7 x 50 in 1913, with Porro I prisms, called the “Marlux”, at the time as individual focus only.* (*An old Busch catalog archived in Jena contains a remark by a Zeiss worker that is interesting: “Center sharpness good; decreases towards the rim too fast and too much. Our Noctar is far superior.”) A very early 7x50 Voigtlaender Marineglas of Porro I construction is shown in Fig 219.
However, the 7 x 50 that was the best known, was produced in the largest numbers, and made for the longest time, was the Binoctar from Zeiss, Jena. This was to be built in many variations, became the standard Marineglas, and originated in the time between 1910 and 1914 (see 4.3.)
4.2.1. Porro II Marine Glasses by Leitz
[Page 289] Before W.W. I, Leitz began developing a series of Porro II glasses. These Leitz Porro II models were successors to their own unusual appearing Porro I models, which were also used in the Imperial Navy, but which were only a temporary product at Leitz, see fig. 218. This strange design had objectives that were spaced only a short distance apart, and probably did not meet with approval. Not until years later did Leitz built larger Porro I models in the manner of the Binoctar, with the metal parts mostly of brass, and only the prism housings of aluminum (as was standard).
Leitz worked on the Porro II design, and after 1907, built a series including a 7x50 of brass with leather coverings, see 197b. The Leitz “brass glasses” established the Porro II models as a service glass for the Navy, where they were to serve for 5 decades. The specifications of these Leitz glasses are: 7 x 50, 10 x 50 and 12 x 60. Of the surviving examples of the 7 and 12 power models, about half have an “M” and an Imperial crown, an indication that these models were used in the Navy. The 10 power model is frequently marked ‘Dienstglas’, an indication of military use, which of course includes the Navy. In old pictures (see fig. 198), it can be seen that the 7 x 50 model was used on German submarines in W.W. I.
Whether these high quality Leitz field glasses were sold on the open market is questionable; the civilian and military Leitz brochures of the years before 1915 do not include these models. It is improbable that examples of these marine glasses were exported to other countries before the first World War. All three models appeared in the 1919 civilian brochures of Leitz, where they had never previously been listed. Those glasses were probably left over from war time production. In the middle twenties, the 12 power model disappeared. From that time on, the 7 and 10 power models were probably also offered with center focus. As civilian models on the open market, these Porro II glasses remained available from Leitz until 1931-32, in both individual and center focus models.
It is unclear whether the individual focus models, with aluminum body and hard rubber coverings, were also bought by the German Navy, which was then very small because of the treaty of Versailles. In the third Reich the situation changed. Field glasses were needed in great numbers because of the intense re-armament, and Leitz built several variants of the 7 x 50 models with Porro II prisms. All models had an eccentric ring collimation to align the optical axes. [page 290] At the beginning of this era, the earliest of these marine models used upper prism housing covers of brass, attached in the usual manner and held in place by three screws. Later, all metal parts of this model (which was produced until the end of the war), were were made of aluminum. For another Leitz marine model, the prism housing cover was formed differently and fastened by screwing onto the housing, see fig. 199. These models have cartridges for dessicant, which are inserted into the upper cover.
These cartridges, often used in the thirties and forties in military optics, are filled with water absorbing silica gel (see section 4.3), and prevent hazing of the optics after the entry of humidity. If needed, these cartridges can easily be exchanged with special tools.
At the end of the thirties and during the war, the 7 x 50 marine glasses by Leitz used coated optics (see section 4.3). During this time, a special series of this model was produced, which used a different construction for the ocular. This change was dictated by the partial rubber covering used on this model. The exposed parts of the body of this 7 x 50 model were coated with a tough lacquer. The only known examples of these rubber coated models are those marked “beh” (E. Leitz, Wetzlar). All have dessicant cartridges in the upper cover, see fig. 200.
The quality of the naval, war time Leitz 7 x 50 models is good but not very good. The surviving models often have hazed optics, and the Porro II prisms are often damaged. The prism mount obviously did not effectively protect the prisms against impact, and in regards to temperature changes, was not an effective design. (Splintering of glass at the edges of the prisms can perhaps be caused by different rates of expansion between the glass and the prism mount.
4.2.2 Porro II Marine Glasses from other Producers. France; Huet.
[page 293] Porro II glasses were released almost simultaneously in Great Britain and France, after their development in Germany. In 1928, 7 x 50 and 10 x 50 models were produced. Fig. 44 shows a 10 power glass. In these models, a modified Porro II prism system is used (patented by Cranz, 1920), see fig. 45 for the image reversal system.
[page 294] After the second World War, the 7 x 50 by Huet was continued in production, and specimens with coated objectives and the usual individual focus are known. These field glasses were probably intended for civilian use. Similar Huet specimens with rubber coating were probably used on French submarines. Such a glass is described in section 4.5 and fig. 264. Another French marine model with Porro II prisms is shown in fig. 237.
Another interesting Zeiss 7 x 50 model of Porro II design, the U.D.F, is described with the U Boat field glasses.
Jena. Zeiss H models [page 311]
In 1936 the first German 7 x 50 model with Porro II prisms and cemented field lens was built in Jena, the Septar or Septarem. From Zeiss internal records it can be seen that the first series of the 7 x 50 H, of 300 pieces, was produced in March of 1936. The Septar has individual focus, as do all marine versions of this model, and the center focus version was called Septarem. From the markings it can be concluded that these two models were designated for civilian use. On those glasses the specification markings included an “H”. (Septar or Septarem 7 x 50 H; the later military versions were marked D.F. 7 x 50 H. The H indicates an increased brightness [Helligkeit].← предыдущая123456..11следующая →
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